The W3C DOM

The W3C DOM standardizes most of the features of the legacy DOM, but also adds important new ones. In addition to supporting forms[ ], images[ ], and other array properties of the Document object, it defines methods that allow scripts to access and manipulate any document element, not just special-purpose elements like forms and images.

Finding elements by ID

When creating a document that contains special elements that will be manipulated by a script, you can identify each special element by giving it an id attribute with a unique value. Then, you can use the getElementById( ) method of the Document object to look up those elements by their ID:

<h1 id="title">Title</h1> 



<script>



var t = document.getElementById("title");



</script>

Finding elements by tag name

Another way to access document elements is to look them up by tag name. The getElementsByTagName( ) method of the Document object returns an array of all elements of that type. Each document element also supports the same method, so you can also obtain an array of specific types of tags that are all descendents of an element:

// Get an array of all <ul> tags



var lists = document.getElementsByTagName("ul");



// Find the 3rd <li> tag in the second <ul>



var item = lists[1].getElementsByTagName("li")[2];

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