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Linux - (Linux Operating System) - Linux (often pronounced LIH-nuhks with a short "i") is a Unix-like operating system that was designed to provide personal computer users a free or very low-cost operating system comparable to traditional and usually more expensive Unix systems.
Linux has a reputation as a very efficient and fast-performing system.
Linux's kernel (the central part of the operating system) was developed
by Linus Torvalds at the University of Helsinki in Finland. To complete
the operating system, Torvalds and other team members made use of
system components developed by members of the Free Software Foundation
for the GNU Project.
Linux is a remarkably complete operating system, including a graphical
user interface, an X Window System, TCP/IP, the Emacs editor, and other
components usually found in a comprehensive Unix system. Although
copyrights are held by various creators of Linux's components, Linux is
distributed using the Free Software Foundation's copyleft stipulations
that mean any modified version that is redistributed must in turn be
freely available.
Unlike Windows and other proprietary systems, Linux is publicly open
and extendible by contributors. Because it conforms to the Portable
Operating System Interface standard user and programming interfaces,
developers can write programs that can be ported to other operating
systems. Linux comes in versions for all the major microprocessor
platforms including the Intel, PowerPC, Sparc, and Alpha platforms.
It's also available on IBM's S/390. Linux is distributed commercially
by a number of companies. A magazine, Linux Journal, is published as
well as a number of books and pocket references.
Linux is sometimes suggested as a possible publicly-developed
alternative to the desktop predominance of Microsoft Windows. Although
Linux is popular among users already familiar with Unix, it remains far
behind Windows in numbers of users. However, its use in the business
enterprise is growing.
Linux is a contraction for Linus' Unix; the short i sound preferred by
most (including Torvalds) derives from the Swedish pronunciation of
Linus. And other Operating System is Microsoft Windows.
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