Strings

A JavaScript string is a sequence of arbitrary letters, digits, and other characters from the 16-bit Unicode character set.

String literals appear in JavaScript programs between single or double quotes. One style of quotes may be nested within the other:

'testing'



"3.14"



'name="myform"'



"Wouldn't you prefer O'Reilly's book?"

When the backslash character (\) appears within a string literal, it changes, or escapes, the meaning of the character that follows it. The following table lists these special escape sequences:

The String class defines many methods that you can use to operate on strings. It also defines the length property, which specifies the number of characters in a string.

The addition (+) operator concatenates strings. The equality (==) operator compares two strings to see if they contain exactly the same sequences of characters. (This is compare-by-value, not compare-by-reference, as C, C++, or Java programmers might expect.) The inequality operator (!=) does the reverse. The relational operators(<, <=, >, and >=) compare strings using alphabetical order.

JavaScript strings are immutable, which means that there is no way to change the contents of a string. Methods that operate on strings typically return a modified copy of the string.

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